DavidM: transplanting from smwxbig pre 2010

2015-09-06T16:46:01Z

transplanting from smwxbig pre 2010

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== Mentions ==
* From [[Transforming or Reforming Capitalism - Chapter 2 - Ghorayshi, Gradon, Kliewer "Towards a Social Theory in Community Economic Development: Idealizing Community in the Era of Globalization"]]: The growth-based approach assumes developing local industries to integrate into the larger capitalist economy to bring more prosperity. Ironic concerns arise around societical fragmentation due to adapted CED terms (and related terms, such as "social capital" used like a financial state rather than relationships), and making communites bankable components of the larger capitalist system. Interventions end up serving individuals rather than communities, dismember government, and serve as forms of social control by their definition. The section concludes that this kind of growth is most appropriate in emergencies, with more complex process required under ordinary circumstances.
* From [[Transforming or Reforming Capitalism - Chapter 3 - Lamb "Towards an Economic Theory of Community Economic Development"]]: [[Staple theory]] is around diversification of an export base. Its [[backward linkages]] measure dependencies in the region - a restaurant purchasing local food and labour. [[Forward linkages]] measure output sold to other regional sectors. [[Demand linkage]] is a measure of how much investment in regional industry produces goods for consumption, investment or government purhcase by the export sector. [[clarify]] [[Leakage]] measures income flows leaving a community, for example through migratory workers, external input purchases, or externally owned enterprises. Linkages are multiplied by domestic production, and [[supply side]] expansion in labour, capital, entrepeneurship, and complementary input (eg technology).
* From [[MW150121 - Transformed by Community Economic Development.pdf]]: Issues: A partnership, or [[farming out]] government work? Political and [[financial]] autonomy.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 3 - Working in the Shared Space]]: Information exchanges, such as the [[Vibrant Communities]] initiative which linked government agencies and stakeholders, deepen awareness.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 2 - Organizing for complexity]]: Understanding complexity is another challenge, "[[wicked problems]]". For example, poverty concentration factors include teenage pregnancy, single-parent families, lack of education and poor literacy, higher levels of chronic and mental illness, housing instability, substance abuse, crime, and disproportionate reliance on government income programs.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: Higher [[wages]] and [[benefits]], including knowledge about existing benefits, are also encouraged or enforced through policy, community and government intervention.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 3 - Working in the Shared Space]]: Joint problem-solving brings communities and governments together, and usually achieves [[measurable results]] (useful for reviewing). It ideally results in policy development, resulting in larger systemic change. Collaborative efforts are either self-prescribed or directed. An issue is [[the agenda may not be community-driven and generally needs ongoing government involvement]].
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: In creating new stock, collaborative work such as the [[Quality of Life CHALLENGE]] in [[BC]] linked federal, provincial, municipal government, institutions and community groups with the [[Housing Affordability Partnership]]. The flow of capital was coordinated, and housing trust funds set up. Total funds leverage 14 times the amount from provincial and federal government. By-law was influenced to join up work, create [[linkages | linkage]] and [[scale]] up efforts.
* From [[MW150102 - Editorial - The End of the Beginning.pdf]]: [[Manitoba]] created a CED focused [[cabinet | !government | Municipalities | municipal]].
* From [[MW150102 - Editorial - The End of the Beginning.pdf]]: Emphasis since [[Date::2004]] on [[celebrating]]; [[communicating]] (especially to [[English]] press/population); [[educate]] to senior [[civil servants]], [[present]] at important [[meetings]]. Need to [[strengthen dialogue]] between CCEDNet, [[networks]] and [[movements | movement]] with [[shared values]] goals, members including [[credit unions]], [[women | women | Women]]'s groups, [[aboriginal | Aboriginal]] and anti-[[poverty]] groups, [[Community Futures Development Corporations]], [[trade union | union | unions]] movement, [[business | business | businesses]] [[sector | sectors]] (especially those with [[social mandates]]); [[evaluate]] (specify [[strategic | strategy | strategies]] uses, eg [[capacity building]], [[research]] not just for [[academically-led research projects]], [[defining]] patient capital, is it meeting [[social economy enterprise]] needs, organizing for the right [[partners | !Collaboration | collaboration | Partnership | partnership | synergistic | partner | collaborative]] - [[Québecers]] better prepared because of [[infrastructure | Foundation | foundation]], for [[human capital]], [[better integration of existing programs]] - [[5-city demonstration project]] [[advocated | advocate]] by [[Learning Enrichment Foundation]] and CCEDNet, [[cost-benefit]] research for integrated, [[outcome | outcomes | Outcome | Outcomes]]-driven approaches. Looking to allies in Martin government; [[activate]], [[innovate | Innovation | emerging | Emerging | modernization]], [[agitate]].
* From [[Transforming or Reforming Capitalism - Chapter 2 - Ghorayshi, Gradon, Kliewer "Towards a Social Theory in Community Economic Development: Idealizing Community in the Era of Globalization"]]: Local community efforts in North America date to [[Date::early 20th century]] settler communities, losing their popularity in in the [[Date::1950s - 1960s]] due to a surge in capitalism. By the [[Temporal:1980s]], globalization, post-industrialism and neo-liberal policies, promoted market players and supported by government, had deprecated welfare state ideals. Civil society, in forms such as NGOs, CDCs, CD, CED, [[community development intermediary organizations | CDIO]], micro-enterprise, micro-lending, [[participatory rural appraisal | PRA]], etc emerged in support of local development and empowerment, with an assumption they could support good social services. Successes have included fighting the economic problems of exclusion, and time dollar banks.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: Community infrastructure and individual capacity are used to address basic sustenance needs. The private sector, government and communities are involved in providing sustenance.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 2 - Organizing for complexity]]: A solution is in the shift from government (eg rules and regulations set in parliament) to governance by local stakeholders, with community based local governance structures which may be more inclusive and have longer visions.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 3 - Working in the Shared Space]]: In addition, communities must work with internal organizations, government and universities.
* From [[Transforming or Reforming Capitalism - Chapter 2 - Ghorayshi, Gradon, Kliewer "Towards a Social Theory in Community Economic Development: Idealizing Community in the Era of Globalization"]]: Technology can be used in transformative strategies. CED may also link economic, social, environmental, political and cultural considerations, departing from the current economic system, and as a way to engage with government.
* From [[Transforming or Reforming Capitalism - Chapter 3 - Lamb "Towards an Economic Theory of Community Economic Development"]]: [[Exportable commodities]] are the basis of export theory, where regional advantages in production and transportation are used, often bolstered through government or external capital subsidies in infrastructure, and the community strengths, such as marketing organizations, credit and transport facilities, are enhanced. Total economic activity is based on exports (basic), with a non-export (non-basic) local economy. Cyclical sensitivities are determined by the elasticity of staples (eg essentials vs luxuries). The community's success is determined by the success of its exports, affected by fall in demand, exhaustion of a natural resource, uncompetitive resource costs or technological change. Transportation development or higher income may result in more (but uneven) export opportunities, bringing new capital.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 2 - Organizing for complexity]]: Communities need new structures (that emphasize interconnectedness). Municipalities need to be more inclusive of local voices, and are limited by elections.
* From [[503 notes from September 14, 2008]]: Contributes to neoliberalism - less government to pick up pieces.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: The government has committed itself to the [[International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights]], however the [[Date::1989]] House of Commons resolution to eliminate poverty by [[Date::2000]] was not largely successful.
* From [[MW150113 - CED & Social Economy in Canada - A People's History.pdf]]: [[Date::1970]] Québec government wanted to "close" [[villages | Villages]] with no deemed future. Villages formed co-ops to [[survive | Survive]].
* From [[Transforming or Reforming Capitalism - Chapter 3 - Lamb "Towards an Economic Theory of Community Economic Development"]]: The net fiscal impact, designed for government and politicians, is calculated by taking the difference between additional tax revenues and net changes in government expenditures. Local governments can justify subsidization up to the level of of a positive fiscal impact. Multipliers result in increased benefits, due to lower production costs, compared to units subdidized in isolation. An issue is that [[fiscal benefits are spread among government, but the government benefiting the most may not be able to provide subsidization]].
* From [[MW150126 - The Political Imperative.pdf]]: [[Date::1983]] "[[work for welfare]]" in Québec, leads to marginalization. Allied with unions, business, politicians, institutions, government. RESO.
* From [[503 notes from September 14, 2008]]: Keynesian - government controlled
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: [[Quebec government]] has enacted anti-poverty legislation with [[Bill 112]]'s [[National Strategy to Combat Poverty and Social Exclusion]], with reporting every three years. Interventions include promotion of school success and social integration, basic education and access to continuing education, and volunteer and community actions. Montreal declared a [[Montreal Charter of Rights and Responsibilities]], with obligations for government actors. The [[Government of Newfoundland and Labrador]] released [[Reducing Poverty: An Action Plan for Newfoundland and Labrador]] in [[Date::June 2006]], which calls for a long term plan.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 1 - Reaching for Resilience]]: An issue is that [[clusters operate at cross purposes, are disconnected, have too few links, and a lack of collaboration]]. Therefore the communities agenda is tasked with creating healthy resilience clusters by improving links between cluster actors. It may be necessary to fill gaps first, for example, addressing affordable housing. It is also tasked with improving links, and finally to improve links between communities and government.
* From [[503 notes from September 14, 2008]]: [[Insider]] - government allies.
* From [[501 notes from September 13, 2008]]: Neoliberal - less government.
* From [[MW150121 - Transformed by Community Economic Development.pdf]]: Southwest Montréal - from an [[industrial centre]] to poverty. PEP and RESO successful [[intervention]] through [[citizen engagement]]: socio-economic partners - organization must be composed of [[elected | voting | vote | democracy | !democratic | election]] representatives of different sectors of the community (four from business, four from [[community organizations | community based organization | community organization | community based organizations]], two union [[leaders | Leader | lead | leading]], two associate members known for their influence, board grew to include local institutions, residence and elected municipal officials), committees and forums, AGM; Collaboration: supporting key [[community projects]], [[economic]], employment and [[recreational | recreation]] [[tourism | tourist]] plans; [[employment support]] and [[advice]] to [[entrepreneurs | entrepreneur | entrepreneurship]], [[maintained | maintain]] [[industrial zoning]], [[networking]] between businesses, workshops for training, secondary school for adults developed with [[industry | industrial | factory]], unions and [[literacy]] organizations.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: Government can intervene by investing in the supply of amenities, supporting entities such as developers willing to build affordable housing, and providing land or land trusts to muncipalities and nonprofit corporations. Rehabilitation of land, policies, incentives and tax credits can also be used, as well as focusing on setting good wage conditions, government benefit programs, and lower the cost of basics such as utilities and transportation for affected groups.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 2 - Organizing for complexity]]: Because of competitive global conditions (including externalization), governments mainly rely on property tax for revenue, which contributes to a governance gap between local challenges and their problem-solving capacity.
* From [[MW150132 - New Synergies.pdf]]: [[VanCity]], loaning [[money]] "east of Main street"; loans, low limit credit cards, payment plans, [[financial literacy]] programs, [[microfinance]], [[resettlement]]. [[Negotiated | Negotiate]] with government to permit account holders to save money while on [[welfare]].
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 4 - Supporting Sustenance]]: [[Local governance can focus on complex, long term plans, whereas communities must focus tactically due to lack of resources while using created governance.]] Coordination mechanisms, and comprehensive community initiatives, that encourage collaboration within integrated clusters of actions, government and the private sector, are required.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 3 - Working in the Shared Space]]: Know-who also means understanding government structures, between federal, provincial and municipal governments.
* From [[Shared Space - Chapter 3 - Working in the Shared Space]]: Joint ventures build on service integration to combine mandates, resources, skills and plans when organizations do not have fiscal or jurisdiction to solve a problem. The [[Vancouver Agreement]] created a strategic plan for the [[Downtown Lower East Side]] in a [[Date::March 2000]] agreement with government, communities and business.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 2 - Organizing for complexity]]: Community initiatives are also important to address gaps in government and community agencies, because they involve local stakeholders used to dealing with relevant complexity in a less segregated way.
* From [[Shared Space Chapter 1 - Reaching for Resilience]]: The [[communities agenda]] is the [[what]] and [[how]]. It creates [[resilience through strategy]], and results from actions in the key [[sustenance]], [[adaptation]], [[engagement]] and [[opportunity]] [[clusters]], and [[complements]] [[policy]] and government intervention. Combined they are "[[investments in the public good]]," and support local and national economies.

[[Category:Org]]

Government - Revision history

DavidM: transplanting from smwxbig pre 2010